Electrical Adda

Power Dips in  33KV LINE Power Dips are commonly observed in HT lines despite Electricity Board is making efforts to reduce it due to diverse loading effect on Transmission and Distribution lines . Power Fluctuations occurs due to various reasons : Sudden switching of Heavy inductive Loads. Short circuit or open circuit faults. Switching ON High Current Equipment Weather conditions Lightening . Power Dip Effects:  Huge financial losses to Production plants , All rotating machines in plant gets interruption during power dips ..Monthly Production target gets affected due to frequent dips . Sophisticated Equipments ,Electronic Equipment gets damaged . In Software Data center , where UPS , Precise air conditioning units gets tripped causes software servers interruption  cost huge financial loss It has effects on Hospitals , Pharmaceuticals industry, Defence etc.. The solution for Reducing Powe...

HT RELAYS : The below Relay are Combination of Two over current(O/C) One Earth fault (E/F) relays in a Single unit . ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION DISC TYPE RELAY Types of HT relays :   1 . OVER CURRENT RELAY 2. SHORT CIRCUIT RELAY                                         3.  EARTH FAULT RELAY   OVERCURRENT RELAY :  It is induction Disc type Electromagnetic Relay with IDMT characteristics . Different characteristics of O/C RELAY are : Instantaneous Definite time IDMT Very inverse Extreme inverse Overcurrent relay (inverse ) type set at   0.75 Amps Relay  tripping time set at  0.1 sec. Earth fault Relay set at   2.0 AMPS Relay  tripping time set at  0.1 sec.

HT Cable Damaged  Report : HT CABLE   HEAT BARRIER - HIGH TEMPERATURE SUSTAINING TAPE HT CABLE GOT DAMAGED DUE TO THIS  HEAT BARRIER GOT MELTED CAUSED FLASH OVER  AND BURNED THE OUTER SHEATH . DUE TO SUDDEN HIGH SYSTEM VOLTAGE CAUSE HEAT BARRIER TO GET MELTED . DUE TO CONTINUOUS HEATING IN CABLE , THE HEAT SHRINK MAY GET MELTED AND CAUSE DAMAGE TO CABLE ....

" DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACSR CONDUCTORS " SQUIRREL CONDUCTOR : CONDUCTOR SIZE = 20 SQ MM CONDUCTOR AMPACITY = 107 AMPS APPLICATION = USED IN 440V DISTRIBUTION  LINES.        2. WEASEL CONDUCTOR : CONDUCTOR SIZE = 30 SQ MM CONDUCTOR AMPACITY = 138 AMPS APPLICATION = USED IN 11 KV TRANSMISSION LINES.                                                     3. RABBIT CONDUCTOR : CONDUCTOR SIZE = 50 SQ MM CONDUCTOR AMPACITY = 190 AMPS APPLICATION = USED IN 11 KV TRANSMISSION LINES.                         4.DOG CONDUCTOR : CONDUCTOR SIZE = 100 SQ MM C...

Largest Power Plant :   3 Gorges Dam  - China  = 22,500 MW (hydro power plant)  It has 32 Generators each capacity of 700 MW. largest hydro pp in world. Generator Specifications : Rated power : 778 MVA. rotor speed : 75 rpm rotor poles : 80 generated voltage : 20 KV 3 Gorges Dam  Taichung Power Plant - Taiwan = 5,788 MW (Coal Based PP) it has 10 - 550 MW alternators & 4 - 72 MW  alternators .                                                  Taichung power plant MUNDRA POWER PLANT - GUJARAT = 4,620 MW (COAL based ) it uses Super Critical Technology alternators it has 6 - 330 MW & 3 - 660MW alternators .                  Generator Specifications : Rated capacity = 776.5 MVA  Rated Power = 660 MW  Stator Voltag...

PPM for Transformer: Informing department and getting Approval . Ensuring incoming & outgoing breakers in off position. Applying LOTO Tags . Using proper PPE while carrying out PPM. Cleaning T/F with dry cloth . check & Reticify Oil leakages.  check silica gel condition. check OTI & WTI control wiring & tightness . check OLTC Belt condition . Checking Manual operation of oltc . checking buccholz's relay alarm & trip test. checking for damaged nuts & bolts. check Neutral to Earth Resistance . HT To LT Megger values need to check .  2500 KVA TRANSFORMER

          Capacitor Bank      Capacitor bank can be connected in LT or HT side    In   Industries it is connected in HT side due to High rated motors   installed and requirement of Reactive power is more.   Where as in commercial Buildings Capacitor banks of smaller capacities are placed in LT room .          Why we need Capacitor Bank?     Capacitor Bank improves power Factor gives Leading PF, helps   industry from getting low PF penalties from Electricity Board.     Reduces losses.       Improves motor performance.     P= V I cosǾ, PF inversely proportional to voltage & current.  HT Capacitors in Industrial Sector   In industries HT Capacitors are used & are placed at Switchyard.   HT capacitors placed in between Series reactor & Residual voltage Transformer.    ...